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fIEDICAL EFFECTS OF CHEnICAL AGENTS



GNDStjpo    2½

SMATO

GNDS'UPcKE

SMATCHP.   ~~

w}{SMGTcH$¼

SUPCLK      ______

cA#

½L

I.  Introduction
    1   Agent Types
        A.  Lethal:  Nerve; Blood
        B.  Blister:  Mustards'. Le~isite
        C.  Choking ~lung damagingi:  Phosgenes
        D.  Incapacitants:  BZ; Psychotropics          SUPOLK     ______
        E.  Riot Control ~1rritants>:
    2.  Routes of entry:
        A.  Inhalation ~vapor~ aerosoll
        B.  Skin ~liquid~ vapor~ aerosoll              _________  ______
        C.  Ingestion iliquid~ solid>
    3.  Nerve Agents:  Most are anticholinesterase Co ipounds that
work on the nerve endings--they compete with nerve transmitter  -_________
compounds
        A.

General:--rapidly penetrate all mucous surfaces
        --May be absorbed through skin--liquid or
         vapor form
        --vapor quickly absorbed by lungs
        --odorlessi difficult to detect by senses
        --toxic symptoms may be delayed for hours
         after skin poisoning with liquid agents
        --extremely low doses of vapor may cause
         pupils of eyes to get smaller~ a runny nose
         and chest tightness

B.   Classes:
     --Carbonates: Physostigmine~Esenine>~ Sevin~
      Prostigmine~Neostigmine>~ Pyridostigmine~ GBS arin>, GD, vx
C-   Symptoms
     1  Gland Hyperactivity:  Runny nose, sweating~
        Increased saliva, gut~ and lung secretions
     ii. Eyes--pupils become pinpoint
     iii Smooth muscle effects: lung tightnessi nausea~
        vomitingi diarrhea~ heart races or goes too slow
     iv. Skeletal muscle quivers~ weakness, paralysis
     v. Brain:  Seizures, vital center depression~
        altered consciousness
D-   Treatment Guidelines
     1  Decontaminate
     ii. Give Oxygen and ventilate ~including CPR>
     iii Block the agent with Atropine
        --Atropine autoinjectors:   2 mg each for 2 shots
        --Continue Atropine to control symptoms.  May
         require large doses +20-100 mg> over 12-24 hours
     iv Reverse inhibition with 2-PAM Cl

D5/7~~~.?~'.   ./

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