END NOTES

[1] Letter to Chairman Donald W. Riegle. Jr., Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs from Secretary of Defense William J. Perry, Secretary of Veterans Affairs Jesse Brown, and Secretary of Health and Human Services Donna Shalala, dated May 4,1994. (Appendix A-1).

[2] Testamony of Dr. Edwin Dorn, Undersecretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness before the U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs during a hearing convened an U.S. Export Policies to Iraq and Their Possible Impact on the Health Consequences of the Persian Gulf War, on May 25, 1994. (Appendix A-2).

[3] Department of Defense testimony before the U.S. Senate Committee on Banking Housing, and Urban Affairs during a hearing convened on U.S. Export Policies to Iraq and Their Possible Impact on the Health Consequences of the Persian Gulf War, on May 25, 1994. (Appendix A-3).

[4] Memorandum for Persian Gulf War Veterans, Persian Gulf War Health Issues, from John M. Shalikashvili, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and William J. Perry, Secretary of Defense, dated 25 May 1994. (Appendix A-4).

[5] Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Persian Gulf War Health Effects, Office of the Undersecretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology, (Washington, D.C.: Department of Defense, June 1994); and Department of Defense Press Release, June 23, 1994

[6] Recommendation for Award of Army Commendation Medal, Sergeant James Warren Tucker, Decontamination Platoon Squad Leader, 54th Chemical Troop, 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment, dated July 1993. (Appendix B-1).

[7] Recommendation for and Award of Meritorious Service Medal, Captain Michael F. Johnson, Troop Commander, 64th Chemical Troop. 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment dated January 1993. (Appendix B-2).

[8] lbid.

[9] Memorandum for Director. CATD. Iraqi Chemical Agents-Information Paper: To Present First Hand Knowledge of Iraqi Chemical Agents Identified in Kuwait, prepared by Michael F. Johnson, Captain, CM NBC Branch, January 4, 1994. - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - (Appendix B-3). Initial Report: Suspected Chemical Container, prepared by Major J.P. Watkinson, Officer Commanding, 21st EOD Squadron Group, Royal Ordinance (United Kingdom), dated 7 August 1991 - RESTRICTED: MANAGEMENT IN CONFIDENCE - (Appendix B-4).

[10] Ibid

[11] From Initial Report: Suspected Chemical Container, prepared by Major J.P. Watkinson, Officer Commanding, 21st EOD Squadron Group, Royal Ordinance (United Kingdom), dated 7 August 1991 - RESTRICTED: MANAGEMENT IN CONFIDENCE - (Appendix B-5, M).

[12] Initial Report: Suspected Chemical Container, prepared by Major J.P. Watkinson, Officer Commanding, 21st EOD Squadron Group. Royal Ordinance (United Kingdom) dated 7 August 1991 - RESTRICTED: MANAGEMENT IN CONF1DENCE - (Appendix B-4).

[13] Ibid.

[14] Ibid.

[15] Appendix B-7.

[16] Initial Report: Suspected Chemical Container, prepared by Major J.P. Watkinson, Officer
Commanding, 21st EOD Squadron Group, Royal Ordinance (United Kingdom), dated 7 August 1991 - RESTRICTED: MANAGEMENT IN CONFIDENCE - (Appendix B-4).

[17] Ibid.

[18] Ibid.

[19] Ibid.

[20] Susan Budavari, ad., The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals, Eleventh Edition (Rahway, NJ.: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989), pp. 995-996. (Appendix B-8) James A.F. Comptom. Military Chemical and Biological Agents: Chemical and Toxicological Properties (Caldwell, NJ.: The Telford Press, (September 1987), 9-17. (Appendix 13-9)

[21] Jane's NBC Protection Equipment. 1990-91, (London, U.K.: Jane's Information Group, 1991). Appendix B-10.

[22] Initial Report: Suspected Chemical Container, prepared by Major J.P. Watkinson, Officer Commanding, 21st EOD Squadron Group, Royal Ordinance (United Kingdom), dated 7 August 1991 - RESTRICTED: MANAGEMXNT IN CONPMENCE - (Appendix B-4).

[23] Ibid.

[24] Ibid.

[25] Ibid.

[26] Ibid.

[27] Ibid.

[28] Memorandum for the Commander, llth ACR, Tasking Number 91-047, dated 7 August 1991 from Joseph W. Miller, Lieutenant Colonel, GS, ACofs, G-3. (Appendix B-11)

[29] Memorandum for Director, CATD, Iraqi Chemical Agents-Information Paper: To Present First Hand Knowledge of Iraqi Chemical Agents Identified in Kuwait, prepared by Michael F. Johnson, Captain, CM NBC Branch, January 4, 1994. - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -(AppendixB-3).

[30] Ibid.

[31] Ibid.

[32] Ibid.

[33] James A.F. Comptom, Military Chemical and Biological Agents: Chemical and Toxicological Properties (Caldwell, N.J.: The Telford Press, (September 1987), 9-17. (Appendix B-9)

[34] Memorandum for Director, CATD, Iraqi Chemical Agents-Information Paper: To Present First Hand Knowledge of Iraqi Chemical Agents Identified in Kuwait, prepared by Michael F. Johnson, Captain, CM NBC Branch, January 4, 1994. - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - (Appendix B-3).

[35] Ibid.

[36] Ibid.

[37] Ibid.

[38] Staff interviews with Captain Johnson and Sergeant Tucker.

[39] Memorandum for Director, CATI), Iraqi Chemical Agents-Information Paper: To Present First Hand Knowledge of Iraqi Chemical Agents Identified in Kuwait, prepared by Michael F. Johnson, Captain, CM NBC Branch, January 4, 1994. - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - (Appendix B-3).

[40] Ibid.

[41] Memorandum for Director, CATD, Iraqi Chemical Agents-Information Paper. To Present First Hand Knowledge of Iraqi Chemical Agents Identified in Kuwait, prepared by Michael F. Johnson, Captain, CM NBC Branch, January 4, 1994. - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - (Appendix B-B).

[42] Letter to Chairman Donald W. Riegle, Jr., Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, from Dr. Theodore M. Prociv, Deputy for Chemical and Biological Matters, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Atomic Energy, dated July 26, 1994. (Appendix B-12)

[43] Committee inquiry to the National Institute of Standards and Technology. , dated August 1, 1994. (Appendix B-13)

[44] Letter to Committee staff from Dr. Stephen E. Stein, Ph.D., Director, National Institute for Standards and Technology, Director. Mass Spectrometry Data Center, Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, dated September 6, 1994. (Appendix B-14)

[45] Ibid

[46] Ibid.

[47] Memorandum for Director, CATD, Iraqi Chemical Agents-Information Paper: To Present First Hand Knowledge of Iraqi Chemical Agents Identified in Kuwait. prepared by Michael F. Johnson, Captain, CM NBC Branch, January 4, 1994. - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - (Appendix B-3).

[48] Ibid.

[49] Ibid.

[50] Appendix B-15.

[51] Letter to Chairman Donald W. Riegle. Jr., Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, from Dr. Theodore M. Prociv, Deputy for Chemical and Biological Matters, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Atomic Energy. dated July 26, 1994. (Appendix B-10).

[52] Committee staff interviews with Captain Michael F. Johnson.

[53] Memorandum for Director. CATD, Iraqi Chemical Agents-Information Paper: To Present First Hand Knowledge of Iraqi Chemical Agents Identified in Kuwait, prepared by Michael F. Johnson, Captain, CM NBC Branch. January 4,1994. - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - (Appendix B-3).

[54] James A.F. Comptom, Military Chemical and Biological Agents: Chemical and Toxicological Properties (Caldwell. N.J.: The Telford Press, (September 1987), 9-17 (Appendix B-7), 64-69. (Appendix B-16)

[55] Memorandum for Director, CATT), Iraqi Chemical Agents-Information Paper: To Present First Hand Knowledge of Iraqi Chemical Agents Identified in Kuwait, prepared by Michael F. Johnson, Captain, CM NBC Branch, January 4, 1994. - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - (Appendix B-3).

[56] Ibid.

[57] Staff interviews.

[58] Memorandum for the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical Biological Matters (OASD (CBM)), Suspect Chemical Container Found in Kuwait City, Kuwait, in August 1991, Don W. Killgore, Lieutenant Colonel, Technical inspections Branch, Office of the Inspector General, Department of the Army, July 29, 1994 - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - (Appendix B- 17)

[59] Staff interviews with Office of Legislative Affairs. U.S. Department of the Army.

[60] Ibid.

[61] Memorandum, to Lieutenant Colonel Vicki Merriman, Office of the Deputy Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Matters from Dr. Graham S. Pearson, Director General, Chemical and Biological Defence Establishment, Ministry of Defence, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wilts, UK-, Suspect Chemical Container: Kuwait City: August 1991. (Appendix B-18)

[62] Initial Report: Suspected Chemical Container, prepared by Major J.P. Watkinson, Officer Commanding, 21st EOD Squadron Group, Royal Ordinance (United Kingdom), dated 7 August 1991 - RESTRICTED: MANAGEMENT IN CONFIDENCE - (Appendix B-4).

[63] Memorandum for Director, CATD, Iraqi Chemical Agents-Information Paper: To Present First Hand Knowledge of Iraqi Chemical Agents Identified in Kuwait, prepared by Michael F. Johnson, Captain. CM NBC Branch, January 4, 1994. - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - (Appendix B-3).

[64] Letter of complaint from Mr. Randall Vallee, September 23, 1994 (Appendix B-19) and staff interviews.

[65] Information Paper: Chemical Agent Exposure - Operation Desert Storm, prepared and authenticated by Colonel Michael A. Dunn, March 5, 1991. (Appendix C-1)

[66] Information Paper: Chemical Agent Exposure - Operation Desert Storm, prepared and authenticated by Colonel Michael A. Dunn. March 5, 1991. (Appendix C-D, Question and Answer Brief prepared for the U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM) Public Affairs Office, March 1991 (Appendix C-2), Lieutenant Colonel John V. Wade, Major Robert M. Gum, and Colonel Michael A. Dunn, "Medical Chemical Defense in Operation Desert Shield and Desert Storm," Journal of the U.S. Army Medical Department (January-February 1992), pp. 34-36. (Appendix C-3)

[67] Thomas D. Williams, "Veteran's Story Counters Official One on Gas War," The Hartford Courant (September 21, 1994) A2. (Appendix C-4)

[68] Ibid.

[69] Staff interviews.

[70] Lieutenant Dennis P. Mroczkowski, U.S. Marines in the Persian Gulf, 1991: With the 2d Marine Division in Desert Shield and Desert Storm (Washington, D.C.: History and Museums Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps , 1993), p. 41 (Appendix D-1), p. 45 (Appendix D-2).

[71] Laboratory analysis request from Chairman Donald W. Riegle, Jr., Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs to the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Forensic Science Center, dated April 15, 1994. (Appendix E-1)

[72] Brian Andresen, Ph.D., Jackie Stilwell, M.S., Patrick Grant, Ph.D., Jeff Haas, M.S., Richard Whipple, B.A., and Armando Arcaraz, M.S., "Preliminary Results of Gas Masks and Exposure -Monitoring Equipment Associated with Desert Storm: Chemical and Biological Analyses of First Samples Sent," Forensic Science Center, J Division/NAI Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, June 1994 (Appendix E-2); Staff interviews with laboratory personnel.

[73] Ibid.

[74] Ibid.

[75] American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, Maryland (January 21, l994).

[76] American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, Maryland (January 21, 1994).

[77] Robert Berkow, M.D.,Editor-in-Chief, The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, Sixteenth Edition (Rahway, N.J.: Merck and Co., Inc., 1992). Q-fever (Appendix E-3) and Brucellosis (Appendix E-4) summaries attached.

[78] Brian Andresen, Ph.D., Jackie Stilwell, M.S., Patrick Grant Ph.D., Jeff Hass. M.S., Richard Whipple, B.A.. and Armando Arcarz, M.S., Preliminary Results of Gas Masks and Exposure -Monitoring Equipment Associated with Desert Storm: Chemical and Biological Analyses of First Samples Sent," Forensic Science Center. J Division/NAI Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, June 1994 (Appendix F-2); Staff interviews with laboratory personnel.